Passive Voice

Kalimat pasif adalah suatu kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai tindakan/ perbuatan, ini berbeda dengan kalimat aktif dimana subject-lah yang melakukan perbuatan/ tindakan. Ciri utamanya adalah pada Verb, yang dibentuk oleh ‘to be’ dan kerja bentuk ketiga (verb-3) atau past participle. To be + Verb-3 Examples: Subject Verb Rudy repaired my bicycle yesterday. My bicycle was repaired by Rudy yesterday. Beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam mengubah kalimat aktif menjadi pasif, antara lain: Subject pada kalimat pasif berasal dari object pada kalimat aktif. Tense pada kalimat pasif mengikuti tense pada kalimat aktifnya. Hanya kalimat dengan transitive Verb yang bisa diubah kedalam bentuk pasif. Perhatikan perubahan dari kalimat aktif menjadi pasif pada masing-masing tenses : 1. Simple Present Active: My mother cooks the meal everyday. Passive: The meal is cooked by mother everyday. 2. Simple Past Active: My mother cooked the meal yesterday. Passive: The meal was cooked by mother yesterday. 3. Present Continuous Active: My mother is cooking the meal at the moment Passive: The meal is being cooked by mother at the moment 4. Past continuous Active: My mother was cooking the meal when I arrived. Passive: The meal was being cooked by mother when I arrived. 5. Present perfect Active: My mother has cooked the meal. Passive The meal has been cooked by mother. 6. Past perfect Active: My mother had cooked the meal before the children came home from school. Passive: The meal had been cooked by mother before the children came home from school. 7. Present perfect continuous Active: My mother has been cooking the meal since I arrived. Passive: The meal has been being cooked by mother since I arrived. 8. Past perfect continuous Active: My mother had been cooking the meal for an hour when father came home from work. Passive: The meal had been being cooked by mother for an hour when father came home from work. 9. Simple Future Active: My mother will cook the meal this afternoon. Passive: The meal will be cooked by mother this afternoon. 10. Future perfect Active: My mother will have cooked the meal when the children come home from school this afternoon. Passive: The meal will have been cooked by mother when the children come home from school this afternoon. 11. Future Continuous Active: My mother will be cooking the meal at 4 this afternoon. Passive The meal will be being cooked by mother at 4 this afternoon. 12. Future perfect continuous Active: My mother will have been cooking the meal for an hour when father comes home from work this afternoon. Passive: The meal will have been being cooked by mother for an hour when father comes home from work this afternoon. Rumus pola aktif – pasif untuk semua tenses : Present Active Passive Simple S+V1(V+s/es)+O S+ is/am/are + V3 Rita writes a letter A letter is written by Rita Continuous S + is/am/are + V- ing S + is/am/are + being + V3 Rita is writing a letter A letter is being written by Rita Perfect S + Have/has + V3 S + have/has + been + V3 Rita has written a letter A letter has been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S+have/has+been +V-ing S + have /has + been + being+V 3 Rita has been writing a letter A letter been being written by Rita Past Active passive Simple S + V2+ O S + was/were + V3 Rita wrote a letter A letter was written by Rita Continuous S + was/were + V- ing S + was/were + being + V3 Rita was writing a letter A letter was being written by Rita Perfect S + had + V3 S + had + been + V3 Rita had written a letter A letter had been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S + had + been + V-ing S + had + been + being +V 3 Rita had been writing a letter. A letter had been being written by Rita. Future Active passive Simple S + will +V1+ O S + will + be + V3 Rita will write a letter A letter will be written by Rita Continuous S + will + be + V- ing S + will + be+ being + V3 Rita will be writing a letter A letter will be being written by Rita Perfect S + will + have + V3 S + will + have + been + V3 Rita will have written a letter A letter will have been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S + will + have + been + V-ing S + will + have + been + being +V 3 Rita will have been writing a letter A letter will have been being written by Rita Past Future Active passive Past future S + would + V1+ O S + would + be + V3 Rita would write a letter A letter would be written by Rita Past future Continuous S + would + be + V- ing S + would + be+ being + V3 Rita would be writing a letter A letter would be being written by Rita Past future Perfect S + would + have + V3 S + would + have + been + V3 Rita would have written a letter A letter would have been written by Rita Past future Perfect Continuous S+would+have+been+V-ing S+ would+have+been+being+V3 Rita would have been writing a letter A letter would have been being written by Rita