ADVERB

A D V E R B

Adverb adalah jenis kata yang memberikan keterangan tentang how, when, where, why terhadap verb atau terhadap kalimat itu sendiri. Adverb juga bisa menerangan jenis kata lain. Adverb bisa murni dari jenis kata Adverb dan bisa juga dari bebrapa jenis kata dalam frase (phrase). Examples: I bought this dictionary yesterday. (when) She dances beautifully. (how) We are here. (where) He was absent because of an accident. (why)

Types of Adverbs

Berdasarkan 'makna' Adverb dikalisikasikan menjadi: Adverb of Manner Ciri dari adverb jenis ini adalah penambahan akhiran -ly pada descriptive adjective. For example: quickly, slowly, neatly, beautifully, Adverb of Place and Direction For example: here, there, away, outside, left, down, straight, west, etc. Adverb of Time a) definite time, adverb ini memiliki batasan waktu yang pasti, for example: yesterday, today, tomorrow, night, Sunday, b) indefinite time, adverb ini tidak memiliki batasan waktu yang pasti. for example: recently, nowdays, soon, already, just, immediately; now, then before, afterwards, later. Adverb of Frequency always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never Intensifying Adverbs 1) Adverb yang menerangkan adjective atau adverb; yang memberikan gambaran tentang seberapa banyak/ besar (how much) Contoh: very, too, quite, somewhat, rather, extremely, exeedingly, fairly, more. 2) Adverb yang menyatakan seberapa lengkap (rampung) tentang suatu kegiatan/ kejadian: Contoh: almost, entirely, nearly, partially, practically, utterly, wholly.

Function of Adverbs

An Adverb modifies a verb, adjective, adverb or an enitire sentence. (Adverb berfungsi menerangkan Verb, adjective, adverb atau keseluruhan kalimat). 1) Adverb as a modifier of Verb. (Adverb sebagai keterangan Verb.) The boy threw the ball quickly. The boy quickly threw the ball there twice yesterday. 2) Adverb as modifier (intensifier) of an adjective or an adverb (Adverb yang berfungsi menerangkan adjective atau adverb. The very small boy threw the ball very quickly. 3) Adverb as modifier of an entire sentence. (Adverb yang berfungsi menerangkan keseluruhan kalimat. Fortunately, the boy threw the ball quickly.

Position of Adverbs

Dibanding jenis kala lainnya, posisi Adverb dalam suatu kalimat lebih fleksibel. Adverb bisa mengisi salah satu dari tiga posisi berikut: 1) Initial Position Sometimes she comes late. (before subject) Only Mary passes in Greek. 2) Mid-position She sometimes comes late. (after subject or after verb) Mary only passed in Greek. Mary passed only in Greek. 3) Final position She comes late sometimes. (after verb+obj / complement) Mary passed in Greek only. Beberapa jenis adverb atau kelompok adverb bisa menduduki semua dari tiga posisi tersebut, sebagain hanya bisa menduduki satu atau dua posisi.