Passive Voice

Passive Voice

Kalimat pasif adalah suatu kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai tindakan/ perbuatan, ini berbeda dengan kalimat aktif dimana subject-lah yang melakukan perbuatan/ tindakan. Ciri utamanya adalah pada Verb, yang dibentuk oleh ‘to be’ dan kerja bentuk ketiga (verb-3) atau past participle. To be + Verb-3 Examples: Subject Verb Rudy repaired my bicycle yesterday. My bicycle was repaired by Rudy yesterday. Beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam mengubah kalimat aktif menjadi pasif, antara lain: Subject pada kalimat pasif berasal dari object pada kalimat aktif. Tense pada kalimat pasif mengikuti tense pada kalimat aktifnya. Hanya kalimat dengan transitive Verb yang bisa diubah kedalam bentuk pasif. Perhatikan perubahan dari kalimat aktif menjadi pasif pada masing-masing tenses : 1. Simple Present Active: My mother cooks the meal everyday. Passive: The meal is cooked by mother everyday. 2. Simple Past Active: My mother cooked the meal yesterday. Passive: The meal was cooked by mother yesterday. 3. Present Continuous Active: My mother is cooking the meal at the moment Passive: The meal is being cooked by mother at the moment 4. Past continuous Active: My mother was cooking the meal when I arrived. Passive: The meal was being cooked by mother when I arrived. 5. Present perfect Active: My mother has cooked the meal. Passive The meal has been cooked by mother. 6. Past perfect Active: My mother had cooked the meal before the children came home from school. Passive: The meal had been cooked by mother before the children came home from school. 7. Present perfect continuous Active: My mother has been cooking the meal since I arrived. Passive: The meal has been being cooked by mother since I arrived. 8. Past perfect continuous Active: My mother had been cooking the meal for an hour when father came home from work. Passive: The meal had been being cooked by mother for an hour when father came home from work. 9. Simple Future Active: My mother will cook the meal this afternoon. Passive: The meal will be cooked by mother this afternoon. 10. Future perfect Active: My mother will have cooked the meal when the children come home from school this afternoon. Passive: The meal will have been cooked by mother when the children come home from school this afternoon. 11. Future Continuous Active: My mother will be cooking the meal at 4 this afternoon. Passive The meal will be being cooked by mother at 4 this afternoon. 12. Future perfect continuous Active: My mother will have been cooking the meal for an hour when father comes home from work this afternoon. Passive: The meal will have been being cooked by mother for an hour when father comes home from work this afternoon. Rumus pola aktif – pasif untuk semua tenses : Present Active Passive Simple S+V1(V+s/es)+O S+ is/am/are + V3 Rita writes a letter A letter is written by Rita Continuous S + is/am/are + V- ing S + is/am/are + being + V3 Rita is writing a letter A letter is being written by Rita Perfect S + Have/has + V3 S + have/has + been + V3 Rita has written a letter A letter has been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S+have/has+been +V-ing S + have /has + been + being+V 3 Rita has been writing a letter A letter been being written by Rita Past Active passive Simple S + V2+ O S + was/were + V3 Rita wrote a letter A letter was written by Rita Continuous S + was/were + V- ing S + was/were + being + V3 Rita was writing a letter A letter was being written by Rita Perfect S + had + V3 S + had + been + V3 Rita had written a letter A letter had been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S + had + been + V-ing S + had + been + being +V 3 Rita had been writing a letter. A letter had been being written by Rita. Future Active passive Simple S + will +V1+ O S + will + be + V3 Rita will write a letter A letter will be written by Rita Continuous S + will + be + V- ing S + will + be+ being + V3 Rita will be writing a letter A letter will be being written by Rita Perfect S + will + have + V3 S + will + have + been + V3 Rita will have written a letter A letter will have been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S + will + have + been + V-ing S + will + have + been + being +V 3 Rita will have been writing a letter A letter will have been being written by Rita Past Future Active passive Past future S + would + V1+ O S + would + be + V3 Rita would write a letter A letter would be written by Rita Past future Continuous S + would + be + V- ing S + would + be+ being + V3 Rita would be writing a letter A letter would be being written by Rita Past future Perfect S + would + have + V3 S + would + have + been + V3 Rita would have written a letter A letter would have been written by Rita Past future Perfect Continuous S+would+have+been+V-ing S+ would+have+been+being+V3 Rita would have been writing a letter A letter would have been being written by Rita

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Practice 1: Passive Voice

1. Because of the heavy rains, the city………for several days. A. flooded B. is flooding C. is flooded D. has been flooding E. was flooded 2. "What happened to your skirt?" "Oh, ………… when I jumped over the fence." A. it was torn B. be torn C. to be torn D. it tore E. tearing 3. "I want the red dress displayed in the window yesterday." "I am sorry, it ………….." A. had been selling B. has been sold C. has to sell D. had to be sold E. has sold 4. " You're not driving your car." " No,…………….." A. it's repaired B. it's been repaired C. it's being repaired D. it was repaired E. it was repaired 5. After the house ……. white, it looked beautiful. A. had been painted B. had painted C. to be painting D. be painted E. be painted 6. The baby will …….. by our neighbor while we are away. A. be looking after B. looking after C. be looked after D. look after E. looked after 7. The picture is not here anymore; it must have……… A. been taken away B. being taken away C. been taking away D. took away E. taken away 8. "Have you been informed about the exact number of victims of the airplane crash?' 'Yes, …………… to the headquarters of Garuda.' A. they are faxed B. the victims fax C. it has been faxed D. we fax it E. has faxed 9. 'Why does the baby next-door keep crying?' 'As usual, it …………. by the babysitter.' A. is neglecting B. is to neglect C. is to be neglected D. neglects E. is neglected 10. We called the committee to ask whether the competition ………….. to begin that afternoon. A. was scheduled B. was to schedule C. to be scheduled D. was scheduling E. to scheduled 11. "Is the new edition of this book already available ?" " Not yet. ………." A. It is printing B. It is being printed C. It was printed D. It has printed E. It has been printed 12. Everybody believed that the Gods brought them happiness. We can also say : ................ A. It is believed that the Gods brought them happiness B. The Gods were believed to have brought them happiness C. The Gods were believed to bring them happiness D. That the Gods brought them happiness were believed by everybody E. It was believed that the Gods have brought them happiness 13. "When did the accident happen?" "When the goods …………. from the truck." A. were unloading B. they were unloading C. were being unloaded D. being unloaded E. unloaded 14. " You seem to be waiting for something these days." " That's true : I'm waiting …..for an interview." A. called B. to call C. be called D. calling E. to be called 15. The archaeologists .............. the newly-found temple. A. are investigating B. are investigated C. were investigated D. investigating E. are being investigated 16. Do you know that at the moment some amazing experiments ……. by the University research biologist? A. carried out B. they are carried out C. are being carried out D. be carried out E. to carry out 17. " Last night someone broke into our house ." " Oh, dear! ...........?" A. Did anything take B. was anything being taken C. anything to be taken D. anything to be taken E. Was anything taken 18. Komodos …………... to be descendent from dinosaurs. A. they believe B. are believed C. to believe D. believed E. to be believed 19. "Which paintings will be exhibited tomorrow?" "We do not know yet. They ………. by a team." A. are still being selected B. still selecting C. are still selecting D. still be selected E. still selected 20. They had just been living in that house for two years when it ……….. by fire. A. destroyed B. was destroying C. had destroyed D. was destroyed E. be destroyed

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Passive Voice

Kalimat pasif adalah suatu kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai tindakan/ perbuatan, ini berbeda dengan kalimat aktif dimana subject-lah yang melakukan perbuatan/ tindakan. Ciri utamanya adalah pada Verb, yang dibentuk oleh ‘to be’ dan kerja bentuk ketiga (verb-3) atau past participle. To be + Verb-3 Examples: Subject Verb Rudy repaired my bicycle yesterday. My bicycle was repaired by Rudy yesterday. Beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam mengubah kalimat aktif menjadi pasif, antara lain: Subject pada kalimat pasif berasal dari object pada kalimat aktif. Tense pada kalimat pasif mengikuti tense pada kalimat aktifnya. Hanya kalimat dengan transitive Verb yang bisa diubah kedalam bentuk pasif. Perhatikan perubahan dari kalimat aktif menjadi pasif pada masing-masing tenses : 1. Simple Present Active: My mother cooks the meal everyday. Passive: The meal is cooked by mother everyday. 2. Simple Past Active: My mother cooked the meal yesterday. Passive: The meal was cooked by mother yesterday. 3. Present Continuous Active: My mother is cooking the meal at the moment Passive: The meal is being cooked by mother at the moment 4. Past continuous Active: My mother was cooking the meal when I arrived. Passive: The meal was being cooked by mother when I arrived. 5. Present perfect Active: My mother has cooked the meal. Passive The meal has been cooked by mother. 6. Past perfect Active: My mother had cooked the meal before the children came home from school. Passive: The meal had been cooked by mother before the children came home from school. 7. Present perfect continuous Active: My mother has been cooking the meal since I arrived. Passive: The meal has been being cooked by mother since I arrived. 8. Past perfect continuous Active: My mother had been cooking the meal for an hour when father came home from work. Passive: The meal had been being cooked by mother for an hour when father came home from work. 9. Simple Future Active: My mother will cook the meal this afternoon. Passive: The meal will be cooked by mother this afternoon. 10. Future perfect Active: My mother will have cooked the meal when the children come home from school this afternoon. Passive: The meal will have been cooked by mother when the children come home from school this afternoon. 11. Future Continuous Active: My mother will be cooking the meal at 4 this afternoon. Passive The meal will be being cooked by mother at 4 this afternoon. 12. Future perfect continuous Active: My mother will have been cooking the meal for an hour when father comes home from work this afternoon. Passive: The meal will have been being cooked by mother for an hour when father comes home from work this afternoon. Rumus pola aktif – pasif untuk semua tenses : Present Active Passive Simple S+V1(V+s/es)+O S+ is/am/are + V3 Rita writes a letter A letter is written by Rita Continuous S + is/am/are + V- ing S + is/am/are + being + V3 Rita is writing a letter A letter is being written by Rita Perfect S + Have/has + V3 S + have/has + been + V3 Rita has written a letter A letter has been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S+have/has+been +V-ing S + have /has + been + being+V 3 Rita has been writing a letter A letter been being written by Rita Past Active passive Simple S + V2+ O S + was/were + V3 Rita wrote a letter A letter was written by Rita Continuous S + was/were + V- ing S + was/were + being + V3 Rita was writing a letter A letter was being written by Rita Perfect S + had + V3 S + had + been + V3 Rita had written a letter A letter had been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S + had + been + V-ing S + had + been + being +V 3 Rita had been writing a letter. A letter had been being written by Rita. Future Active passive Simple S + will +V1+ O S + will + be + V3 Rita will write a letter A letter will be written by Rita Continuous S + will + be + V- ing S + will + be+ being + V3 Rita will be writing a letter A letter will be being written by Rita Perfect S + will + have + V3 S + will + have + been + V3 Rita will have written a letter A letter will have been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S + will + have + been + V-ing S + will + have + been + being +V 3 Rita will have been writing a letter A letter will have been being written by Rita Past Future Active passive Past future S + would + V1+ O S + would + be + V3 Rita would write a letter A letter would be written by Rita Past future Continuous S + would + be + V- ing S + would + be+ being + V3 Rita would be writing a letter A letter would be being written by Rita Past future Perfect S + would + have + V3 S + would + have + been + V3 Rita would have written a letter A letter would have been written by Rita Past future Perfect Continuous S+would+have+been+V-ing S+ would+have+been+being+V3 Rita would have been writing a letter A letter would have been being written by Rita

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