Linking Verbs

Linking Verbs

A linking Verb adalah kata kerja yang berfungsi sebagai pengubung antara Subject dengan Predicate-nya. Contoh dalam kalimat: "Cewek itu cantik." atau "The girl beautiful". Pada kalimat itu belum ada verb-nya, sehingga diperlukan 'Linking Verb. The girl is beautiful. (atau) The girl looks beautiful. Linking verbs dibedakan menjadi: To be is, am, are, was, were non- to be become, appear, look, taste, smell, seem, remain, prove, Apa perbedaan penggunaan dari keduanya? Linking Verb (to be) dipakai untuk menghubungkan antara Subject dan Predicate yang berasal dari jenis kata 'NOUN' or GERUND, 'ADJECTIVE', 'ADVERB' or 'Prepositional Phrase'. He is my friend (Noun) My hobby is reading. (Gerund) They are happy. (Adjective) She is here. (Adverb) We are in the classroom. (Adverb/ prep. phrase Linking Verb (non-to be) hanya dipakai untuk menghubungkan Subject dan Predicate yang berasal dari jenis kata 'ADJECTIVE'. She looks beautiful. It smells good. They seem lazy.

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Passive Voice

Passive Voice

Kalimat pasif adalah suatu kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai tindakan/ perbuatan, ini berbeda dengan kalimat aktif dimana subject-lah yang melakukan perbuatan/ tindakan. Ciri utamanya adalah pada Verb, yang dibentuk oleh ‘to be’ dan kerja bentuk ketiga (verb-3) atau past participle. To be + Verb-3 Examples: Subject Verb Rudy repaired my bicycle yesterday. My bicycle was repaired by Rudy yesterday. Beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam mengubah kalimat aktif menjadi pasif, antara lain: Subject pada kalimat pasif berasal dari object pada kalimat aktif. Tense pada kalimat pasif mengikuti tense pada kalimat aktifnya. Hanya kalimat dengan transitive Verb yang bisa diubah kedalam bentuk pasif. Perhatikan perubahan dari kalimat aktif menjadi pasif pada masing-masing tenses : 1. Simple Present Active: My mother cooks the meal everyday. Passive: The meal is cooked by mother everyday. 2. Simple Past Active: My mother cooked the meal yesterday. Passive: The meal was cooked by mother yesterday. 3. Present Continuous Active: My mother is cooking the meal at the moment Passive: The meal is being cooked by mother at the moment 4. Past continuous Active: My mother was cooking the meal when I arrived. Passive: The meal was being cooked by mother when I arrived. 5. Present perfect Active: My mother has cooked the meal. Passive The meal has been cooked by mother. 6. Past perfect Active: My mother had cooked the meal before the children came home from school. Passive: The meal had been cooked by mother before the children came home from school. 7. Present perfect continuous Active: My mother has been cooking the meal since I arrived. Passive: The meal has been being cooked by mother since I arrived. 8. Past perfect continuous Active: My mother had been cooking the meal for an hour when father came home from work. Passive: The meal had been being cooked by mother for an hour when father came home from work. 9. Simple Future Active: My mother will cook the meal this afternoon. Passive: The meal will be cooked by mother this afternoon. 10. Future perfect Active: My mother will have cooked the meal when the children come home from school this afternoon. Passive: The meal will have been cooked by mother when the children come home from school this afternoon. 11. Future Continuous Active: My mother will be cooking the meal at 4 this afternoon. Passive The meal will be being cooked by mother at 4 this afternoon. 12. Future perfect continuous Active: My mother will have been cooking the meal for an hour when father comes home from work this afternoon. Passive: The meal will have been being cooked by mother for an hour when father comes home from work this afternoon. Rumus pola aktif – pasif untuk semua tenses : Present Active Passive Simple S+V1(V+s/es)+O S+ is/am/are + V3 Rita writes a letter A letter is written by Rita Continuous S + is/am/are + V- ing S + is/am/are + being + V3 Rita is writing a letter A letter is being written by Rita Perfect S + Have/has + V3 S + have/has + been + V3 Rita has written a letter A letter has been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S+have/has+been +V-ing S + have /has + been + being+V 3 Rita has been writing a letter A letter been being written by Rita Past Active passive Simple S + V2+ O S + was/were + V3 Rita wrote a letter A letter was written by Rita Continuous S + was/were + V- ing S + was/were + being + V3 Rita was writing a letter A letter was being written by Rita Perfect S + had + V3 S + had + been + V3 Rita had written a letter A letter had been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S + had + been + V-ing S + had + been + being +V 3 Rita had been writing a letter. A letter had been being written by Rita. Future Active passive Simple S + will +V1+ O S + will + be + V3 Rita will write a letter A letter will be written by Rita Continuous S + will + be + V- ing S + will + be+ being + V3 Rita will be writing a letter A letter will be being written by Rita Perfect S + will + have + V3 S + will + have + been + V3 Rita will have written a letter A letter will have been written by Rita Perfect Continuous S + will + have + been + V-ing S + will + have + been + being +V 3 Rita will have been writing a letter A letter will have been being written by Rita Past Future Active passive Past future S + would + V1+ O S + would + be + V3 Rita would write a letter A letter would be written by Rita Past future Continuous S + would + be + V- ing S + would + be+ being + V3 Rita would be writing a letter A letter would be being written by Rita Past future Perfect S + would + have + V3 S + would + have + been + V3 Rita would have written a letter A letter would have been written by Rita Past future Perfect Continuous S+would+have+been+V-ing S+ would+have+been+being+V3 Rita would have been writing a letter A letter would have been being written by Rita

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IRREGULAR VERBS

IRREGULAR VERBS
Verb-1	Verb-2	Verb-3	meaning
bear	bore	born	melahirkan
begin	began	begun	memulai
beat	beat	beaten	memukul
bend	bent	bent	membengkokan
become	became	become	menjadi
bite	bit	bitten	menggigit
blow	blew	blown	meniup
break	broke	broken	memecahkan
bring	brought	brought	membawa
broadcast	broadcast	broadcast	menyiarkan
build	built	built	membangun
burn	burnt	burnt	membakar
buy	bought	bought	membeli
catch	caught	caught	menangkap
choose	chose	choosen	memilih
come	came	come	datang
cut	cut	cut	memotong
dig	dug	dug	menggali
draw	drew	drawn	menggambar
do	did	done	mengerjakan
drink	drank	drunk	minum
dream	dreamt	dreamt	mimpi
drive	drove	driven	menyopir
dwell	dwelt	dwelt	menghuni
eat	ate	eaten	makan
fall	fell	fell	jatuh
feed	fed	fed	memberi makan
feel	felt	felt	merasa
fight	fought	fought	berkelahi
find	found	found	menemukan
fly	flew	flown	terbang
forbid	forbade	forbidden	melarang
get	got	got	mendapat
give	gave	given	memberi makan
go	went	gone	pergi
grow	grew	grown	tumbuh
hang	hung	hung	menggantung
have	had	had	mempunyai
hear	heard	heard	mendengar
hit	hit	hit	memukul
hold	held	held	memegang
hurt	hurt	hurt	melukai
keep	kept	kept	menyimpan
hide	hid	hidden	bersembunyi
know	knew	known	mengetahui
lay	laid	laid	menaruh
lead	led	led	memimpin
light	lit	lit	menyalakan
lose	lost	lost	menghilangkan
lie	lay	lain	berbaring
leave	left	left	meninggalkan
make	made	made	membuat
mean	meant	meant	berarti
pay	paid	paid	membayar
put	put	put	meletakkan
read	read	read	membaca
ride	rode	riden	mengendarai
ring	rang	rung	membunyikan
rise	rose	risen	terbit
run	ran	run	berlari
see	saw	seen	melihat
send	sent	sent	mengirim
sleep	slept	slept	tidur
smell	smelt	smelt	membantu
speak	spoke	spoken	berbicara
spell	spelt	spelt	mengeja
spend	spent	spent	menghabiskan
spread	spread	spread	menyebar
stand	stood	stood	berdiri
steal	stole	stolen	mencuri
sell	sold	sold	menjual
shake	shook	shaken	mengocok
shine	shone	shone	bersinar
shoot	shot	shot	menembak
show	showed	shown	menunjukkan
shut	shut	shut	menutup
sing	sang	sung	bernyanyi
sink	sank	sunk	tenggelam
sit	sat	sat	duduk
stick	stuck	stuck	menancapkan
say	said	said	mengatakan
seek	sought	sought	mencari
set	set	set	mengatur
swear	swore	sworn	bersumpah
sting	stung	stung	menyengat
take	took	taken	mengambil
teach	taught	taught	mengajar
tear	tore	torn	merobek
tell	told	told	bercerita
think	thought	thought	berfikir
think	thought	thought	mengira
throw	threw	thrown	melempar
understand	understood	understood	memahami
strike	struck	struck	memukul
sweep	swept	swept	menyapu
swim	swam	swum	berenang
swing	swung	swung	berayun
take	took	taken	mengambil
undertake	undertook	undertaken	menangani.
win	won	won	memenangkan
wind	wound	wound	memutar
write	wrote	written	menulis
weave	wove	woven	menganyam
wake up	woke up	waken up	bangun
wear	wore	worn	memakai
weep	wept	wept	menangis

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