Compound Sentence

Compound Sentence

A compound sentence is composed of two simple sentences joined together by a comma and a coordinating conjunction. So, a compound sentences consists of two independent clauses. There are seven coordinating conjunctions in English: and, but, so, or, for, nor, and yet. Here are compound sentences: Tom loves Erica, and she loves him. Jack loves Jean, but she loves Ronald. Jack should forget Jean, or he will die a lonely man. Jean doesn't love Jack, so she won't marry him. Bob is tired, yet he is not going to sleep. We rarely stay in hotels, for we can't afford it. I can't swim well, nor can I play tennis. RULES FOR USING COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS ■ and joins sentences that are alike. ■ but joins sentences that are opposite or show contrast. ■ so joins sentences when the second sentence expresses the result of something described in the first sentence. ■ or joins sentences that give choices or alternatives. ■ yet has approximately the same meaning as but', that is, it shows contrast or joins opposites. ■ for means because; it introduces a reason or cause. ■ nor means not this and not that; use nor to join two negative sentences. NOTE-1: The word order after nor is like a question. The helping verb (is, does, did, can, will, etc.) comes before the subject of the part of the sentence introduced by nor. NOTE-2: Use a comma before the coordinating conjunction in compound sentences only. Do not use a comma when joining compound elements in simple sentences. Notice the difference: Compound sentence. The bride may have one bridesmaid, or she may have several. Simple sentence with a compound complement: The bride may have one bridesmaid or several. Compound sentence: They wanted to get married immediately, but they decided to wait until June. Simple sentence with a compound verb: They wanted to get married immediately but decided to wait until June. The second way to make a compound sentence is to join the two independent clauses with a semicolon (;). Tom loves Erica; she loves him. Jack loves Jean; she loves Ronald. Jean doesn't love Jack; she won't marry him. NOTE: Or cannot be replaced by a semicolon. A third way to make a compound sentence is to join the two independent clauses with a semicolon + sentence connector + comma. A sentence connector is a word such as however or therefore. Here is a list of frequently used sentence connectors and their approximate meanings. Sentence Connector Meaning moreover and furthermore and however but otherwise or, in the sense of "if not" therefore so, in the sense of "as a result" Tom loves Erica; moreover, she loves him. Tom loves Erica; furthermore, she loves him. Jack loves Jean; however, she loves Ronald. Jack should forget Jean; otherwise, he will die a lonely man. Jean doesn't love Jack; therefore, she won't marry him.

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Sentence without 'to be'

Tidak semua kalimat membutuhkan kehadiran 'to be'. Kalimat berikut tanpa 'to be':

1. Verbal Sentence yang bermakna kebiasaan (Present Tense)

Untuk menerangkan sesuatu yang bersifat kebiasaan: habits, routines, permanent actions or general truth, digunakan (Verb-1/ Verb+es).
1. The sun rises in the morning -(general truth)
2. I Play basketball on Sundays. -(habit)
3. She loves me. -(hopefully permanent)

2. Verbal Sentence yang bermakna lampau (Past Tense).

Dalam kalimat yang bersifat 'Lampau', digunakan (Verb2 / Verb+ed).
Subject + Verb-2

Examples:
1. I played football yesterday afternoon.
2. She bought a dictionary three days ago.
3. We renovated the house last year.


Past form (V2) dari Regular Verbs dibentuk dengan menambah akhiran -ed pada Verb tersebut. Sedangkan Past form dari Irregular Verbs tidak ada aturan tetap, sehingga harus dihafalkan.

3. Kalimat dengan Modal Auxiliary Verb

Modal Auxiliary Verb atau singkatnya disebut Modal terdiri dari kata-kata berikut:
Can
Could
must
May
Might
ought to
Will
Would
Shall
Should

Pola kalimat:
Subject + modal+ Verb-1

Examples:
I can swim.
They will go to Jakarta.
You should finish your job soon.

4. Kalimat yang bermakna 'Sudah/ Telah' (Perfect Tense)

Dalam pola kalimat ini have/has/had bermakna sudah atau telah.
Subject + have/has/had+ V3

Examples:
Dia sudah mengumpulkan tugas bahasa Inggris.
She has submitted the English assignment.

Mereka sudah merenovasi rumahnya.
They have renovated their houses. Read More......

Practice on VerbPhrase

VERB PHRASE

Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Saya akan datang kerumahmu besok pagi.
2. Lantai ruangan ini dibersihkan setiap hari.
3. Anak-anak sedang menonton televisi di ruang tamu.
4. Kita sudah menyelesaikan semua tugas tugas bahasa Inggris.
5. Hasil ujian akan diumumkan empat hari lagi.
6. Sepeda motorku sudah dijual.
7. Kita sudah (sedang) belajar bahasa Inggris selama lebih dari lima tahun.
8. Salah satu pelamar kerja sedang diwawancarai oleh direktur perusahaan.
9. Anda seharusnya sudah memberitahu informasi ini kepada seluruh mahasiswa.
10. Informasi ini seharusnya sudah diberitahukan kepada seluruh mahasiswa. Read More......

VERB PHRASE

VERB PHRASE

Verb dalam suatu kalimat bisa single (sendiri) atau dalam kelompok (phrase). Sebagai contoh untuk menceritakan sesuatu yang bersifat kebiasaan (habit, routines), kita menggunakan Verb-1 atau Verb+es saja. Tetapi, untuk menceritakan sesuatu yang sedang berlangsung (dalam proses) kita menggunakan 'to be + V-ing' dan gabungan itu dinamakan verb phrase. Verb phrase yang dimaksud disini adalah gabungan antara dua unsur atau lebih dari modal, perfect, to be, dan main verb. He plays football everyday. (Single Verb) They are playing football now. (Verb Phrase) 1. MODAL 2. PERFECT 3. TO BE (Active) 4. TO BE (Passive) 5. MAIN VERB can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, have/has/had to, ought to, have, has, had is, am, are, was, were, be, been, being. is, am, are, was, were, be, been, being a. Verb-1 b. Verb-ing c. Verb-3 Berikut aturan umumnya: Modal diikuti Verb1 Perfect diikuti oleh Verb-3 To Be diikuti oleh V-ing jika bermakna aktif (sedang). To Be diikuti Verb-3 jika bermakna pasif (di../ter....) Urutan penyusunan selalu mengutamakan yang bernomor kecil terlebih dulu. Dalam kalimat yang bermakna 'sedang di ..' menggunakan 2 'to be', yang kedua pasti 'being' Perhatikan pengunaan Verb Phrase dalam kalimat-kalimat berikut: 1. He can repair his own bike. (1+5a) Dia dapat memperbaiki sepedanya sendiri. 2. He has repaired his own bike. (2+5c) Dia sudah memperbaiki sepedanya sendiri. 3. He is repairing his own bike. (3+5b) Dia sedang memperbaiki sepedanya sendiri. 4. The bike was repaired by him. (3+5c) Sepeda itu diperbaiki oleh diai. 5. He will be repairing the bike. (1+3+5b) Dia akan sedang memperbaiki sepedanya sendiri. 6. The bike will be repaired by him. (1+3+5c) Sepeda itu akan diperbaiki oleh dia. 7. He has been repairing his own bike (2+3+5b) Dia sudah sedang memperbaiki sepedanya sendiri. 8. The bike has been repaired. (2+3+5c) Sepeda itu sudah diperbaiki. 9. The bike is being repaired. (3+4+5b) Sepeda itu sedang diperbaiki. 10. He should have been repairing his own bike. (1+2+3+5b) Dia seharusnya sudah sedang memperbaiki sepedanya sendiri. 11. The bike should have been repaired. (1+2+4+5c) Sepeda itu seharusnya sudah diperbaiki. 12. The bike will be being repaired. (1+3+4+5c) Sepeda itu akan sedang diperbaiki. 13. The bike should be being repaired. (2+3+4+5c) Sepeda itu seharusnya sedang diperbaiki sepedanya sendiri. 14. The bike should have been being repaired. (1+2+3+4+5c) Dari beberapa kombinasi 'Verb Phrase' tersebut diatas, sebagian Verb Phrase memiliki frekuensi pemakaian yang tinggi, sedangkan yang lainnya mungkin lebih jarang. Pembentukan 'Verb Phrase' selalu berkaitan dengan waktu (Tenses).

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